Towards Psychosomatic Medicine: The Role of Age and Emotional Characteristics in People with Psychosomatic Disorders

Paweł Larionow, Ekaterina K. Ageenkova, Marta I. Dedenok

Abstract


Studying the emotional characteristics in people with psychosomatic disorders (PSD) at the early stages of disease development is a topical research area in psychosomatic medicine, as it allows clarifying the psychological mechanisms of PSD formation. This exploratory research aims to study the age features of emotional characteristics in people with and without PSD. The study was carried out on a sample of 200 people aged 18–55 (M = 26.89; SD = 7.82) using the following questionnaires: the Perth Emotional Reactivity Scale-Short Form (PERS-S), the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), the Rumination subscale from the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4). The results showed that the levels of stress, depressive and anxiety symptoms decrease with age. Ease/speed of activation, intensity, and duration of negative emotions, as well as rumination on stressful situations, are positively correlated with the level of stress, depressive and anxiety symptoms. With an increase in positive emotion duration, the severity of mental symptoms decreases. Compared to people aged 26–55 with or without PSD, young people aged 18–25 and especially young people with PSD have a more unfavorable psychosomatic status, which is characterized by a more explicit tendency to experience negative emotions with their higher intensity and duration. Emotion regulation difficulties at a young age (especially intensive and prolonged experience of negative emotions) may form the basis for PSD development. Correcting these difficulties at a young age may prevent PSD.


Keywords


age features; emotion regulation; emotional reactivity; psychosomatic disorders; psychosomatic medicine

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ababkov, V.A., Barisnikov, K., Vorontzova-Wenger, O.V., Gorbunov, I.A., Kapranova, S.V., … Stuklov, K.A. (2016). Validation of the Russian Version of the Questionnaire “Scale of Perceived Stress-10”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Serie 16: Psychology. Education, 2, 6–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu16.2016.202

Ageenkova, E.K. (2002). Psychological Factors in the Development of Cardiovascular Disorders. Psychotherapy and Clinical Psychology, 3(5), 19–23.

Ageenkova, E.K. (2016). Volitional Prolongation of Psychoemotional Stress as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Diseases. Personality in a Changing World: Health, Adaptation, Development, 4(15), 98–103. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23888/humJ2016498-103

Al-Zahrani, J., Shubair, M.M., Aldossari, K.K., Al-Ghamdi, S., Alroba, R., … El-Metwally, A. (2021). Association Between Prehypertension and Psychological Distress among Adults in Saudi Arabia: A Population-Based Survey. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 28(10), 5657–5661. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.014

Basińska, M.A., Woźniewicz, A. (2013). The Relation Between Type D Personality and the Clinical Condition of Patients Suffering from Psoriasis. Postępy Dermatologii i Alergologii, 30(6), 381–387. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/pdia.2013.39437

Becerra, R., Campitelli, G. (2013). Emotional Reactivity: Critical Analysis and Proposal of a New Scale. International Journal of Applied Psychology, 3(6), 161–168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5923/j.ijap.20130306.03

Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., Mermelstein, R. (1983). A Global Measure of Perceived Stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24(4), 385–396.

Frank, R. (2011). Premorbid Personality. In: J.S. Kreutzer, J. DeLuca, B. Caplan (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology (p. 2010). New York: Springer. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_2056

Garnefski, N., Kraaij, V. (2007). The Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire: Psychometric Features and Prospective Relationships with Depression and Anxiety in Adults. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 23(3), 141–149. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759.23.3.141

Gross, J.J., John, O.P. (2003). Individual Differences in two Emotion Regulation Processes: Implications for Affect, Relationships, and Well-Being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 348–362. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348

Izdebski, P., Polak, A. (2008). Regresja czy progresja? Emocje w okresie starzenia się. Gerontologia Polska, 16(1), 1–5.

Kowalczyk, J. (2019). Psychologiczne korelaty stresu pacjentów z opornym nadciśnieniem tętniczym i ich metody radzenia sobie. Nadciśnienie Tętnicze w Praktyce, 5(2), 190–198.

Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R.L., Williams, J.B., Löwe, B. (2009). An Ultra-Brief Screening Scale for Anxiety and Depression: The PHQ-4. Psychosomatics, 50(6), 613–621. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.psy.50.6.613

Larionov, Р. (2020). Psychosomatic Relationships in Patients with Hypertension. Russian Journal of Cardiology, 25(3), 121–128. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2020-3-3683

Larionov, P., Izdebski, P. (2020). Wybrane cechy osobowości a dysfunkcjonalna regulacja emocji jako czynnik ryzyka nadciśnienia tętniczego. Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio J – Paedagogia-Psychologia, 33(2), 239–252. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17951/j.2020.33.2.239-252

Larionov, P.M., Ageenkova, E.K., Belashina, T.V. (2021). Psychometric Properties of the Russian Version of the Perth Emotional Reactivity Scale-Short Form. Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics, 13(2), 26–33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2021-2-26-33

Larionow, P. (2022). Emotion Regulation and the Quality of Life in Patients with Essential Hypertension: A Search for Psychological Targets. Arterial Hypertension, 26(2), 73–77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5603/AH.a2022.0004

Larionow, P. (in press). Wybrane problemy badań w medycynie psychosomatycznej i sposoby na ich rozwiązania: przestrzeń dla nowych osiągnięć. PsyArXiv. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/fbaxc

Larionow, P., Mudło-Głagolska, K. (2022a). Assessment of Activation, Intensity and Duration of Positive and Negative Emotions: Psychometric Properties of the Polish Version of the Perth Emotional Reactivity Scale – Short Form. Current Issues in Personality Psychology. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/cipp/156146

Larionow, P., Mudło-Głagolska, K. (2022b). The Patient Health Questionnaire–4: The Factor Structure, Invariance Measurement, and the Latent Profile Analysis of Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in a Polish General Community Sample. Research Square. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2050825/v1

Ogińska-Bulik, N., Juczyński, Z. (2008). Właściwości osobowości sprzyjające chorobom somatycznym – rola typu D. Psychoonkologia, 12(1), 7–13.

Pankratova, A.A., Korniyenko, D.S. (2017). A Russian Adaptation of the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (J. Gross). Issues of Psychology, 5, 139–149.

Peltzer, K., Pengpid, S., Sychareun, V., Ferrer, A.J.G., Low, W.Y., … E., Turnbull, N. (2017). Prehypertension and Psychosocial Risk Factors among University Students in ASEAN Countries. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 17(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-017-0666-3

Player, M.S., King, D.E., Mainous, A.G., Geesey, M.E. (2007). Psychosocial Factors and Progression from Prehypertension to Hypertension or Coronary Heart Disease. Annals of Family Medicine, 5(5), 403–411. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.738

Preece, D., Becerra, R., Campitelli, G. (2019). Assessing Emotional Reactivity: Psychometric Properties of the Perth Emotional Reactivity Scale and the Development of a Short Form. Journal of Personality Assessment, 101(6), 589–597. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2018.1465430

Rasskazova, E.I., Leonova, A.B., Pluzhnikov, I.V. (2011). Development of the Russian Version of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Moscow University Psychology Bulletin, 4, 161–179.

Shchelkova, O.Y., Grandilevskaya, I.V., Burina, E.A., Trabczynski, P.K. (2017). Research Areas of the Department of Medical Psychology and Psychophysiology of Saint Petersburg State University. Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 1, 56–61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12740/APP/67330

Sikorski, A.V., Ageenkova, E.K. (2003). Family Factors of the Formation of Arterial Hypotension in Children. Belarusian Medical Journal, 3, 99–101.

Velikanova, L.P., Shevchenko, Yu.S. (2005). Psychosomatic Disorders: Current Situation (Review of literature, Part I). Social and Clinical Psychiatry, 15(4), 79–91.

Velikanova, L.P., Shevchenko, Yu.S. (2006). Primary Prevention of Psychosomatic Disorders. Paper III. Social and Clinical Psychiatry, 16(3), 114–121.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/j.2022.35.3.143-156
Date of publication: 2022-12-19 09:09:42
Date of submission: 2022-03-03 10:31:04


Statistics


Total abstract view - 866
Downloads (from 2020-06-17) - PDF - 328

Indicators



Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2022

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.