Hide
Show all
Email this article Selected Personality Traits and Dysfunctional Emotion Regulation as a Risk Factor for Arterial Hypertension
Abstract
The article presents a review of research on the role of stress, selected psychological factors and dysfunctional emotion regulation on the development of arterial hypertension (AH). According to the psychogenic views on the etiology of AH, dysfunctional emotion regulation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of AH and is its risk factor. The most characteristic psychological traits of patients with AH are anxiety, some dimensions of alexithymia, non-adaptive coping with stress, suppressed emotions, rigid attitudes towards oneself and the world. Dysfunctional emotion regulation is expressed in the inability to quickly regain emotional balance and more intense emotional experience of significant situations in patients with AH. It was indicated that the study of personality traits of patients with AH is contradictory and the isolated study of personality traits without taking into account their relationship with other phenomena of a somatic or psychological nature is of little importance to understand the pathogenetic mechanisms of AH development. Some reflections on spiritual health and its relationship with the AH were presented. Also, methods of further research on the emotion regulation in people with AH have been proposed, which should be carried out from the perspective of unity “biological predisposition – personality – situationˮ.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDF (Język Polski)References
Ageenkova, E.K. (2002). Psihologicheskie faktory v razvitii serdechno-sosudistyh zabolevanij. Psihoterapija i klinicheskaja psihologija, 3(5), 19–23.
Ageenkova, E.K. (2016). Proizvol’noe prolongirovanie psihojemocional’nogo stressa kak faktor riska serdechno-sosudistyh zabolevanij. Lichnost’ v menjajushhemsja mire: zdorov’e, adaptacija, razvitie, 4(15), 98–103. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23888/humJ2016498-103
Ageenkova, E.K., Larionov, P.M. (2018). Novye vozmozhnosti issledovanija zhiznennogo scenarija v processe psihologicheskogo konsul’tirovanija. Dialog, 3(50), 18–31.
Alekhin, A.N., Dubinina, E.A. (2018). New European guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: The perspective of a clinical psychologist. Arterial’naya Gipertenziya, 24(6), 628–630. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18705/1607-419X-2018-24-6-628-630
Atroszko, P., Kowalczyk, J., Kowalczyk, W. (2013). Cechy osobowości związane z emocjami u pacjentów z nadciśnieniem tętniczym – badanie pilotażowe. Nadciśnienie Tętnicze, 17(1), 30–37.
Baryła, W., Wojciszke, B. (2005). Kwestionariusz ruminacji. Studia Psychologiczne, 43(4), 5–22.
Carneiro-Barrera, A., Valdés-Díaz, M., Rodríguez-Testal, J.F. (2018). Type D personality, lifestyle habits, and cardiovascular disease risk: A mediational model. Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica, 23(1), 35–46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5944/rppc.vol.23.num.1.2018.19248
Chachaj, A., Małyszczak, K., Poręba, R., Woźniak, D., Jabłońska, …, Szuba, A. (2006). Wybrane cechy osobowości osób z nadciśnieniem tętniczym. Nadciśnienie Tętnicze, 10(6), 532–537.
Chachaj, A., Małyszczak, K., Kucharski, W., Lukas, J., Pyszel, K., …, Szuba, A. (2009). Personality characteristics of patients with essential hypertension. Clinical and Experimental Medical Letters, 50(2), 93–97.
Cuffee, Y., Ogedegbe, C., Williams, N.J., Ogedegbe, G., Schoenthaler, A. (2014). Psychosocial Risk Factors for Hypertension: An Update of the Literature. Current Hypertension Reports, 16(483). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-014-0483-3
Deter, H.C., Blecher, A., Weber, C.S. (2007). Cardiovascular reactivity of patients with essential and renal hypertension in an emotion-triggering interview. Behavioral Medicine, 3(4), 117–125. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3200/BMED.32.4.117-125
Esler, M., Kaye, D. (2000). Sympathetic nervous system activation in essential hypertension, cardiac failure and psychosomatic heart disease. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, 35, 1–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00005344-200000004-00001
Gaciong, Z., Lewandowski, J., Siński, M., Abramczyk, P. (2008). Jak rozpoznać wtórne postacie nadciśnienia tętniczego? Forum Medycyny Rodzinnej, 2(5), 341–348.
Gafarov, V.V., Gromova, E.A., Gagulin, I.V., Gafarova, A.V. (2013). Effects of stress on risk of arterial hypertension in general male population of 25–64 years old: 14 years of follow up (epidemiological study on the basis of the WHO program «MONICA — PSYCHOSOCIAL»). Arterial’naya Gipertenziya, 19(1), 27–31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18705/1607-419X-2013-19-1-27-31
Gafarov, V.V., Panov, D.O., Gromova, E.A., Gagulin, I.V., Gafarova, A.V. (2018). The risk of hypertension over 16 years and job-related stress in female population aged 25–64 years in Russia/Siberia. Arterial’naya Gipertenziya, 24(2), 183–192. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18705/1607-419X-2018-24-2-183-192
García-Vera, M., Sanz, J., Espinosa, R., Fortún, M., Magán, I. (2010). Differences in emotional personality traits and stress between sustained hypertension and normotension. Hypertension Research, 33, 203–208. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/hr.2009.210
Garnefski, N., Kraaij, V., Spinhoven, P. (2001). Negative life events, cognitive emotion regulation and emotional problems. Personality and Individual Differences, 30(8), 1311–1327. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00113-6
Gasperin, D., Netuveli, G., Dias-da-Costa, J.S., Patussi, M.P. (2009). Effect of psychological stress on blood pressure increase: A meta-analysis of cohort studies. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 25(4), 715–726. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2009000400002
Gross, J.J., Jazaieri, H. (2014). Emotion, Emotion Regulation, and Psychopathology: An Affective Science Perspective. Clinical Psychological Science, 2(4), 387–401. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702614536164
Habra, M., Linden, W., Anderson, J., Weinberg, J. (2003). Type D personality is related to cardiovascular and neuroendocrine reactivity to acute stress. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 55(3), 235–245. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3999(02)00553-6
Hamer, M., Batty, G.D., Stamatakis, E., Kivimaki, M. (2010). Hypertension Awareness and Psychological Distress. Hypertension, 56, 547–550. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.153775
Heszen, I. (2013). Psychologia stresu. Korzystne i niekorzystne skutki stresu życiowego. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Heszen, I., Sęk, H. (2012). Psychologia zdrowia. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Howard, S., Hughes, B., James, J.E. (2011). Type D personality and hemodynamic reactivity to laboratory stress in women. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 80(2), 96–102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2011.02.006
Howard, S., Hughes, B. (2013). Type D personality is associated with a sensitized cardiovascular response to recurrent stress in men. Biological Psychology, 94(2), 450–455. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2013.09.001
Ikeda, A., Iso, H., Kawachi, I., Inoue, M., Tsugane, S. (2008). Type A behaviour and risk of coronary heart disease: The JPHC Study. International Journal of Epidemiology, 37(6), 1395–1405. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyn124
Irvine, M.J., Garner, D.M., Olmsted, M.P., Logan, A.G. (1989). Personality differences between hypertensive and normotensive individuals: Influence of knowledge of hypertension status. Psychosomatic Medicine, 51(5), 53–549. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-198909000-00005
Jodłowska, E., Juszczak, M. (2013). Wpływ stresu przewlekłego na rozwój nadciśnienia tętniczego. Folia Medica Lodziensia, 40(1), 53–77.
Kaczyńska, A., Gaciong, Z. (2003). Stres psychiczny a nadciśnienie tętnicze. Arterial Hypertension, 7(1), 45–50.
Kearney, P.M., Whelton, M., Reynolds, K., Muntner, P., Whelton, P.K., He, J. (2005). Global burden of hypertension: Analysis of worldwide data. Lancet, 365(9455), 217–223. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)17741-1
Key, B.L., Campbell, T.S., Bacon, S.L., Gerin, W. (2008). The influence of trait and state rumination on cardiovascular recovery from a negative emotional stressor. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 31(3), 237–248. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-008-9152-9
Knieć, M., Kujawska-Łuczak, M. (2012). Wpływ stylu życia na występowanie nadciśnienia tętniczego u dorosłych. Forum Zaburzeń Metabolicznych, 3(1), 14–23.
Kretchy, I., Owusu-Daaku, F., Danquah, S. (2013). Spiritual and religious beliefs: Do they matter in the medication adherence behaviour of hypertensive patients? Biopsychosocial Medicine, 7(15). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1751-0759-7-15
Kretchy, I., Owusu-Daaku, F., Danquah, S. (2014). Mental health in hypertension: Assessing symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress on anti-hypertensive medication adherence. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 8(25). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-4458-8-25
Kupper, N., Denollet, J. (2007). Type D personality as a prognostic factor in heart disease: Assessment and mediating mechanisms. Journal of Personality Assessment, 89(3), 265–276. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00223890701629797
Larionov, P.M. (2020). Psihosomaticheskie otnoshenija pri arterial’noj gipertenzii. Rossiyskiy kardiologicheskiy zhurnal, 25(3), 3683. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2020-3-3683
Lazarus, R.S., Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, Appraisal, and Coping. New York: Springer Pub. Co.
Leahy, R.L. (2002). A model of emotional schemas. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 9(3), 177–190. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1077-7229(02)80048-7
Lechman, B.J., Taylor, S.E., Kiefe, C.I., Seeman, T.E. (2009). Relationship of Early Life Stress and Psychological Functioning to Blood Pressure in the CARDIA Study. Health Psychology, 28(3), 338–346. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013785
Ledzińska, M. (2009). Człowiek współczesny w obliczu stresu informacyjnego. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Instytutu Psychologii PAN.
Levin, J.S., Vanderpool, H.Y. (1989). Is religion therapeutically significant for hypertension? Social Science & Medicine, 29(1), 69–78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(89)90129-9
Lucchese, F.A., Koenig, H.G. (2013). Religion, spirituality and cardiovascular disease: Research, clinical implications, and opportunities in Brazil. The Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery, 28(1), 103–128. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5935/1678-9741.20130015
Małyszczak, K., Pyszel, A., Szuba, A. (2007). Podskala Kwestionariusza Aleksytymii Bermonda-Vorsta związana z rozpoznaniem nadciśnienia tętniczego. Postępy Psychiatrii i Neurologii, 16(1), 43–47.
Mann, S.J. (2000). The mind/body link in essential hypertension: Time for a new paradigm. Alternative Therapies In Health And Medicine, 6(2), 39–45.
Mann, S.J. (2003). Neurogenic essential hypertension revisited: The case for increased clinical and research attention. American Journal of Hypertension, 16(10), 881–888. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0895-7061(03)00978-6
Mann, S.J. (2012). Psychosomatic research in hypertension: The lack of impact of decades of research and new directions to consider. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 14(10), 657–664. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7176.2012.00686.x
Mann, S.J. (2018). Neurogenic hypertension: Pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. Clinical Autonomic Research, 28, 363–374. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10286-018-0541-z
Mann, S.J., Gerber, L.M. (2002). Psychological Characteristics and Responses to Antihypertensive Drug Therapy. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 4(1), 25–34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-6175.2002.00493.x
Matthews, K.A., Katholi, C.R., McCreath, H., Whooley, M.A., Williams, D.R., …, Markovitz, J.H. (2004). Blood pressure reactivity to psychological stress predicts hypertension in the CARDIA study. Circulation, 110(1), 74–78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000133415.37578.E4
Minasidou, E., Kafkia, T., Dimitriadou, A., Kallia, T., Kourakos, M. (2017). Personality D type and cardiovascular disease: A literature review. Innowacje w Pielęgniarstwie i Naukach o Zdrowiu, 2(2), 112–121. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21784/IwP.2017.012
Miśkowiec, D., Kwarta, P., Witusik, A., Pietras, T. (2013). Wzór zachowania typu A jako predyktor choroby niedokrwiennej serca – czy wciąż aktualny problem? Postępy Psychiatrii i Neurologii, 22(2), 129–136.
Moryś, J., Jeżewska, M., Rynkiewicz, A. (2005a). Znaczenie stresu w patogenezie nadciśnienia tętniczego. Część I. Nadciśnienie Tętnicze, 9(1), 1–10.
Moryś, J., Jeżewska, M., Rynkiewicz, A. (2005b). Znaczenie stresu w patogenezie nadciśnienia tętniczego. Część II. Nadciśnienie Tętnicze, 9(5), 374–384.
Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2000). The role of rumination in depressive disorders and mixed anxiety/depressive symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109(3), 504–511. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.109.3.504
Oliva, F., Versino, E., Gammino, L., Colombi, N., Ostacoli, L., …, Picci, R. (2016). Type D Personality and Essential Hypertension in Primary Care: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study Within a Cohort of Patients Visiting General Practitioners. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 204(1), 43–48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000000421
Piwońska, A., Piotrowski, W., Kozela, M., Pająk, A., Nadrowski, P., …, Drygas, W. (2018). Cardiovascular diseases prevention in Poland – results of WOBASZ and WOBASZ II. Kardiologia Polska, 76(11), 1534–1541. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5603/KP.a2018.0154
Schwartz, C.E., Durocher, J.J., Carter, J.R. (2011). Neurovascular responses to mental stress in prehypertensive humans. Journal of Applied Physiology, 110(1), 76–82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00912.2010
Schyolkova, O.Y. (2008). Zadachi psihologicheskoj diagnostiki v klinicheskoj medicine. Vestnik Juzhno-Ural’skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija: Psihologija, 32(132), 81–90.
Selye, H. (1977). Stres okiełznany. Warszawa: PIW.
Sher, L. (2005). Type D personality: the heart, stress, and cortisol. An International Journal of Medicine, 98(5), 323–329. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hci064
Sirri, L., Fava, G.A., Guidi, J., Porcelli, P., Rafanelli, C…, Sonino, N. (2012). Type A behaviour: A reappraisal of its characteristics in cardiovascular disease. International Journal of Clinical Practice, 66(9), 854–861. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-1241.2012.02993.x
Sohail, A., Mahmood, A., Asad, A., Basirat, A., Bilal, A., Bukhari, M.H. (2016). Psychosocial Determinants of Hypertension. Annals of Punjab Medical College, 10(2), 101–104.
Sparrenberger, F., Cichelero, F.T., Ascoli, A.M., Fonseca, F.P., Weiss, G., …, Fuchs, F.D. (2009). Does psychosocial stress cause hypertension? A systematic review of observational studies. Journal of Human Hypertension, 23(1), 12–19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/jhh.2008.74
Spruill, T.M. (2010). Chronic Psychosocial Stress and Hypertension. Current Hypertension Reports, 12(1), 10–16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-009-0084-8
Spruill, T.M., Feltheimer, S.D., Harlapur, M., Schwartz, J.E., Ogedegbe, G., …, Gerin, W. (2013). Are there consequences of labeling patients with prehypertension? An experimental study of effects on blood pressure and quality of life. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 74(5), 433–438. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2013.01.009
Steca, P., D’Addario, M., Magrin, M., Miglioretti, M., Monzani, D., Pancani, L. (2016). A Type A and Type D Combined Personality Typology in Essential Hypertension and Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: Associations with Demographic, Psychological, Clinical, and Lifestyle Indicators. PLoS ONE, 11(9), 1–28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0161840
Strelau, J. (2012). Psychologia temperamentu. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Suligowska, K., Gajewska, M., Stokwiszewski, J., Gaciong, Z., Bandosz, P., …, Zdrojewski, T. (2014). Niedostateczna wiedza Polaków na temat kryteriów nadciśnienia tętniczego i jego powikłań – wyniki badania NATPOL 2011. Nadciśnienie Tętnicze, 18(1), 9–18.
Symonides, B., Holas, P., Schram, M., Śleszycka, J., Bogaczewicz, A., Gaciong, Z. (2014). Does the control of negative emotions influence blood pressure control and its variability? Blood Pressure, 23(6), 323–329. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/08037051.2014.901006
Tikhonoff, V., Hardy, R., Deanfield, J., Friberg, P., Muniz, G., …, Richards, M. (2016). The relationship between affective symptoms and hypertension – role of the labelling effect: The 1946 British birth cohort. Open Heart, 3(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2015-000341
Tykarski, A., Narkiewicz, K., Gaciong, Z., Januszewicz, A., Litwin, M., Kostka-Jeziorny, K. (2015). Zasady postępowania w nadciśnieniu tętniczym – 2015 rok. Nadciśnienie Tętnicze w Praktyce, 1(1), 1–70.
WHO (2013a). A global brief on hypertension. Silent killer, global public health crisis. Switzerland.
WHO (2013b). Global action plan for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases 2013–2020. Switzerland.
Williams, B., Mancia, G., Spiering, W., Rosei, E.A., Azizi, M., …, Desormais, I. (2019). Wytyczne ESC/ESH dotyczące postępowania w nadciśnieniu tętniczym (2018). Kardiologia Polska, 77(2), 71–159. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5603/KP.2019.0018
Wojarska, I., Nowak, E., Materek, D. (2017). Unsystematic drug use in hypertension treatment as a life and health threatening problem. Journal of Education, Health and Sport, 7(3), 44–52.
Wojciechowska, M., Izdebska, E. (2014). Profilaktyka nadciśnienia tętniczego. Medycyna Ogólna i Nauki o Zdrowiu, 20(4), 370–373. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5604/20834543.1132038
Zdrojewski, T., Rutkowski, M., Bandosz, P., Gaciong, Z., Solnica, B., …, Wyrzykowski, B. (2015). Ocena rozpowszechnienia i kontroli czynników ryzyka chorób serca i naczyń w Polsce – badania NATPOL 1997, 2002, 2011. W: G. Kopeć, P. Jankowski, A. Pająk, A. Drygas (red.), Epidemiologia i prewencja chorób układu krążenia (s. 57–64). Kraków: Medycyna Praktyczna.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/j.2020.33.2.239-252
Date of publication: 2020-06-29 17:49:01
Date of submission: 2019-06-07 17:54:52
Statistics
Indicators
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2020 Pavel Larionov, Paweł Izdebski
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.