Divisions in the Mormon Church - Historical Background and the Present Situation

Artur Wójtowicz

Abstract


The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is surely one of the most thriving religious organisations in the contemporary world. There seems to be little awareness, however, of how different in terms of dogma and structures are the communities that sprang up from the organisation founded by Joseph Smith Jr on April 6th in 1830. Issues such as the continuity of revelation, polygamy, racial views and attitude to homosexuality have defined the dynamics of the movement’s present development and shape. The article is an attempt at reconstructing the historical divisions within Mormonism and considers their impact on the condition of this religious movement nowadays. 


Keywords


Joseph Smith Jr; The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints; Mormonism; polygamy

Full Text:

PDF (Język Polski)

References


Anderson L. F., Lucy’s Book, Signature Books, Salt Lake City 2001.

Angell T. O., Autobiography (1810–1856), His Journal, Our Pioneer Heritage, vol.10, Desert Book, Porvo 1967, http://www.boap.org/LDS/Early-Saints/TAngell.html, [dostęp: 12.03.2016], s. 195–213.

April 2015 General Conference News and Announcements, https://www.lds.org/church/news/ april-2015-general-conference-news-and-announcements?cid=HP_WE_4-8-2015_dCN_f CHNWS_xLIDyH-1_〈=eng [dostęp: 12.03. 2016].

Baer H. A., The Aaronic Order: The Development of a Modern Mormon Sect, https://dialogue journal.com/wp-content/uploads/sbi/articles/Dialogue_V12N01_59.pdf [dostęp: 11.01. 2016].

Bennion J., Women of principle: female networking in contemporary Mormon polygyny, Ox-ford University Press, Oxford 1998.

Bishop F. G., A Brief History of the Church, Salem 1839.

Bishop F. G., An Address to the Sons and Daughters of Zion, Scattered Abroad, Through all the Earth, Kirtland 1851.

Bishop M. G., Stephen Post: From Believer to Dissenter to Heretic: https://books.google.pl/ books?id=Gbdr5dF6eo4C&pg=PA180&lpg=PA180&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false [dostęp: 6.01.2016].

Black S. E., Who’s Who in the Doctrine and Covenants, paperback edition, Salt Lake City 1997.

Bringhurst N. G., Saints, Slaves, and Blacks: The Changing Place of Black People within Mor-monism, Greenwood Pub Group, Westport 1981.

Bringhurst N. G., Hamer J. C., Scattering of the Saints: Schism within Mormonism, John Whitmer Books, Salt Lake City 2007.

Bringhurst N. G., Hamer J. C., Scattering of the Saints: Schism within Mormonism, Independ-ence 2007.

Bushman R. L., Joseph Smith: Rough Stone Rolling, Vintage; Reprint edition, New York 2005.

Chynoweth R., The Blood Covenant, Diamond Books, Eakin 1990.

Clark D., The Path Which Leads to the Kingdom of God, Oak Grove 1991.

Dixon W. H., Nowa Ameryka, t. 2, tłum. R. Boczarska, „Przegląd Tygodniowy” 1873, Warszawa.

Eliade M., Couliano I. P., Słownik religii, Książnica, Warszawa 1994.

Evanson K., Woman elected to serve as president of Council of Twelve Apostles, http://www.examiner.net/news/x1545203500/Woman-elected-to-serve-as-president-of-Council-of-Twelve-Apostles [dostęp: 7.01.2016].

Feliz A. A., Out of the Bishop's Closet: A Call to Heal Ourselves, Each Other and Our World, Concord Pr Intl, Alberhill 1992.

Feliz A. A., Elijah's Power: Early Mormon Mysticism & America's Ancient Wisdoms, Concord Pr Intl, Alberhill 2007.

Feliz A. A., Becoming Open Souls: Transcending Institutional Seduction & Cultural Rape,Concord Pr Intl, Alberhill 2004.

Feliz A. A., The Issue is Pluralism: An Urgent Call To Greater Pluralism in Civil Marriage Law, Concord Pr Intl, Alberhill 2000.

Fitzpatrick D. C., The King Strang Story: A Vindication of James J. Strang, the Beaver Island Mormon King, National Heritage, Lansing, Mich 1970.

Flanders R. B., The Mormon’s Who Did Not Go West, University of Wisconsin 1954.

Godfrey K., The Morrisites, Desert Books, Salt Lake City 1994.

Greene J. P., Facts Relative to the Expulsion of the Mormons or Latter-day Saints from the State of Missouri under the 'Exterminating Order, Forgotten Books, Cincinnati 1839.

Hales B. C., The Council of Friends, http://www.mormonfundamentalism.com/ChartLinks/ CouncilofFriends.htm [dostęp: 11.01.2016].

Hales B. C., The Council of Friends, http://www.mormonfundamentalism.com/Chart Links/CouncilofFriends.htm [dostęp: 11.01.2016].

Hansen K., Quest for Empire: The Political Kingdom of God and the Council of Fifty in Mor-mon History, Michigan State Univ Pr, East Lansing 1970.

History of the Church, red. J. Smith, B. F. Roberts, Desert News, Salt Lake City 1902.

Hyde O., Constitution of the State of Deseret, With the Journal of the Convention Which Formed It, and the Proceedings of the Legislature Consequent Thereon, Kanesville 1849.

Jessee D. C., The Papers of Joseph Smith, vol. 2, Signature Books, Salt Lake City 2008.

Johnson J. W. B., We Felt the Spirit of the Pioneers, Signature Books, Salt Lake City 1990.

Jorgensen D., The Old Fox: Alpheus Cutler. Quoted in Lannius, University of Illinois Press, Chicago 1998.

Kissi E. A., Walking in the Sand. A History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter – Day Saints in Ghana, Friends of the Library, Porvo 2004.

Krakauer J., Under the Banner of Heaven: A Story of Violent Faith, Anchor, New York 2004.

Launis R. D., Thatcher L., Differing Visions: Dissenters in Mormon History, University of Illi-nois Press, Chicago 1998.

Leonard G. M., A History of Davis County, Davis County Commission, Salt Lake City 1999.

LeRoy Anderson C., Morrisite Collection, https://library.usu.edu/specol/manuscript/caine10. html [dostęp: 10.01.2016].

Llewellyn J. R., Polygamy Under Attack: From Tom Green to Brian David Mitchell, Agreka Books 2004.

Lovalvo J. V., Dissertation on the Faith and Doctrine of The Church of Jesus Christ, Church of Jesus Christ, Bridgewater 1986.

Manzanares C. V., Prekursorzy Nowej Ery, Verbinum, Warszawa 1994.

Marquardt H. M., Walters W. P., Inventing Mormonism: Tradition and the Historical Record, Signature Books, Salt Lake City 1994.

Melton J. G., The Encyclopedia of American Religions: Religious Creeds, Gale Group, Detroit 1988.

Moore-Emmett A., God’s Brothel, Prinze-Nez Press, San Francisco 2004.

Morrison A. B., The Dawning of a Brighter Day: The Church in Black Africa, Salt Lake City 1990.

Murphy L. G., Melton J. G., Gordon J., Ward G. L., Encyclopedia of African American Reli-gions, Routledge, New York 1993.

Newbell N. P., Black Names in America: Origins and Usage, G. K. HALL, Boston 1975.

Newman A., For Mormons in Harlem, Bigger Space Beckons, http://query.nytimes.com/ gst/fullpage.html?res=990CE4DB1030F931A35753C1A9639C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=1 [dostęp: 10.01.2016].

Partridge S. H., The Failure of the Kirtland Safety Society, „BYU Studies” 1972, vol. 12 (4) Porvo, s. 2–3.

Patten D. W., History of David W. Patten, b.m.w., 1864.

Paul W., Parshall A. E., Mormonism: A Historical Encyclopedia, ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara 2010.

Phillips G. W., Past and Present of Platte County Nebraska, Ulan Press, Chicago 1915.

Quinn D. M., „Plural Marriage and Mormon Fundamentalism”, „Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought” 1998, vol. 31, no. 2, s. 22–23.

Quinn D. M., Mormon Hierarchy: Origins of Power, Signature Books, Salt Lake City 1994.

Race by Religious Tradition, Pew Research Center, http://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study [dostep: 10.01.2016].

Roger D., Thatcher, Linda, Differing Visions: Dissenters in Mormon History, University of Illinois Press, Champaign 1994.

Roper M., Comments on the Book of Mormon Witnesses: A Response to Jerald and Sandra Tanner, „Journal of Book of Mormon Studies” 1993, vol. 2, nr 2, Desert Book, Porvo, s. 164–193.

Shields S. L., Divergent Paths of the Restoration, Restoration Research, Salt Lake City 1982.

Shields S. L., Divergent Paths of the Restoration: A History of the Latter Day Saint Movement, Herald House, Los Angeles 1990.

Shurtleff M., Goddard T., The Primer Helping Victims of Domestic Violence and Child Abuse in Polygamous Communities, Desert Books, Salt Lake City 2005.

Smith G. A., Historical Discourse, „Journal of Discourses” 1864, vol.11, 15 November, s. 1–11.

Spencer I., Krwawy kult, tłum. T. Macios, Hachete Polska, Warszawa 2009.

Strang J., The Record of Rajah Manchou of Vorito (Facsimile of the Brass Plates), Voree, Wis-consin Territory 1845.

Strang J., The Revelations of James J. Strang, http://www.strangite.org/Reveal.htm#SECTION-4 [dostęp: 6.01.2016].

The Church of Jesus Christ General Business and Organization Conference Minutes, Greens-burg 2013 (publikcja LDS).

The Book of the Law of the Lord, The Orginal Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day, Voree 2001(publikacja LDS).

Van Wagoner R. S., Mormon Polygamy: A History, Desert Books, Salt Lake City 1989.

Veazey S. M., Words of Counsel to the Church, in 2007, World Conference Friday Bulletin, 30 marca 2007, Independence, s. 349–351. (Publikacja Społeczności Chrystusa).

Vitale G. C., Whatever Happened to James Colin Brewster, the Boy Mormon Prophet?, Desert Tracks 2007.

Walker R. W., Shipps J., Wayward Saints: The Social and Religious Protests of the Godbeites Against Brigham Young, Desert Books, Salt Lake City 2009.

Walker R. W., Wayward Saints: The Godbeites and Brigham Young, University of Illinois Press, Chicago 1998.

Walters J., Fleeing the FLDS: Followers are abandoning the notorious sect in droves, http://america.aljazeera.com/multimedia/2015/3/fleeing-the-flds-sect.html [dostęp: 12.01. 2016].

Walton E. O., God is alive, By the Author, Independence 1970.

Warner T., Mormons: The Black Saints of Nigeria, „Time” 1965, vol. 85 no.25, June 18, s. 3.

Wright L. O., Origins and Development of the Church of the Firstborn of the Fulness of Times, BYU, Porvo 1963.

Young A. E., Wife no. 19, Kessinger Publishing, Salt Lake City 1875.

Young B. W., Obscure Believers: The Mormon Schism of Alpheus Cutler, Pogo Press, Saint Paul 2002.

www.cofchrist.org [dostęp: 12.01.2016].

www.cpaction.org [dostęp: 12.01.2016].




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/kw.2016.17.69
Date of publication: 2016-06-16 20:34:18
Date of submission: 2016-02-26 13:20:34


Statistics


Total abstract view - 1173
Downloads (from 2020-06-17) - PDF (Język Polski) - 0

Indicators



Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2016 Artur Wójtowicz

License URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/deed.pl