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Wyślij tekst przez e-mail Analiza przyczyn konfliktów na uczelniach wyższych i alternatywne sposoby ich rozwiązywania. Część II. Ombudsman/rzecznik akademicki i metody adjukacyjne
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Niniejsze opracowanie stanowi drugą część artykułu pt. Analiza przyczyn konfliktów na uczelniach wyższych i alternatywne sposoby ich rozwiązywania. W pierwszej części przeanalizowano przyczyny konfliktów na uczelniach oraz podstawową alternatywną metodę ich rozwiązywania – mediację. W drugiej natomiast skupiono się na zagadnieniu sporów akademickich w kontekście ich rozstrzygania przez sądy, a także omówiono instytucję ombudsmana/rzecznika akademickiego, arbitrażu w sporach akademickich oraz metody mieszane na przykładzie Office of the Independent Adjudicator. Ze względu na zmianę oczekiwań studentów wobec uczelni wyższych, oparcie relacji pomiędzy studentami a uniwersytetami na stosunkach kontraktowych, wzrost liczby postępowań sądowych przeciwko uczelniom wyższym lub antycypowanie takiego wzrostu, zauważalną zmianę podejścia uczelni wyższych do społeczności akademickiej i oparcie go na interesach (interest-based), a także dość powszechny rozwój metod ADR w różnych dziedzinach uczelnie wyższe na całym świecie zaczęły poszukiwać nowych sposobów rozwiązywania sporów akademickich, które chroniłyby niezależność uniwersytetów i jednocześnie pełniłyby funkcję edukacyjną i realizowałyby misję uniwersytetu. Alternatywne metody rozwiązywania sporów, takie jak mediacja, ombudsman czy arbitraż, mają efektywnie zastępować lub uzupełniać niewystarczające procedury wewnętrzne oraz postępowania sądowe, charakteryzujące się wysokimi kosztami, czasochłonnością i formalizmem. Metody te są lepiej przystosowane do charakteru społeczności akademickiej, uwzględniają bowiem głos uczestników, dają możliwość wpływu na przebieg i wynik sporu, zapewniają równość stron. Spełniają ponadto cele edukacyjne, szczególnie w sporach z udziałem studentów, gdyż dają możliwość zakończenia sporu poprzez dialog i z uwzględnieniem punktu widzenia drugiej strony.
Słowa kluczowe
Bibliografia
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/sil.2021.30.2.149-203
Data publikacji: 2021-06-30 23:18:52
Data złożenia artykułu: 2021-02-11 21:59:52
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Prawa autorskie (c) 2021 Ewa Gmurzyńska
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