Characterization and Bioassay of Rhizophosphate Bacteria Producing Phytohormone and Organic Acid to Enhance the Maize Seedling Growth

Betty Natalie Fitriatin et al.

Abstract


Rhizophosphate bacteria as biofertilizers is a low-cost and environment-friendly fertilizer for improving the nutrients status and fertilizers’ efficiency on degraded agricultural or marginal soils. In this study, the characteristic and performance of selected rhizophosphate bacteria producing phytohormone and organic acid producers was investigated. Soils samples for beneficial rhizobacteria were taken from five maize (Zea mays L.) production area and forest ecosystems in Garut District, West Java Province, Indonesia. The rhizophosphate bacteria were isolated and grown in Pikovskaya medium. Bacterial colonies surrounded by clear zone were isolated and subjected to phosphate solubility and phosphatase activity test followed by bioassay. Based on the phosphatase activity, lactic acid production and indole acetic acid (IAA) production were obtained from three isolates of rhizophosphate. The isolates were identified as Bulkholderia vietnamiensis, Enterobacter ludwigii, and Citrobacter amalonaticus the best of which showed high phosphatase content and production of lactic acid, dissolved P and IAA.


Keywords


biofertlizer, superior strain, phosphatase

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ahmad, F., Ahmad, I., Khan, M.S., 2005. Indole acetic acid production by the indigenous isolates of azotobacter and fluorescent pseudomonas in the presence and absence of tryptophan. Turkish Journal of Biology, 29: 29–34.

FAO, 2005. Food security in the context of economic and trade policy reforms: Insights from country experiences. CCP 05/11.Rome.

Felsenstein, J., 1985. Phylogenesis and the comparative method. American Naturalist, 125(1): 1–15.

Fitriatin, B.N., Yuniarti, A., Turmuktini, T., Ruswandi, F.K., 2014. The effect of phosphate solubilizing microbe producing growth regulators on soil phosphate, growth and yield of maize and fertilizer efficiency on Ultisol. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, 3: 101–107.

Fitriatin, B.N., Fauziah, D., Fitriani, F.N., Ningtyas, D.N., Suryatmana, P, Hindersah, R., Setiawati, M.R., Simarmata, T., 2020. Biochemical activity and bioassay on maize seedling of selected indigenous phosphate-solubilizing bacteria isolated from the acid soil ecosystem. Open Agriculture, 5: 300–304.

George, T.S., Gregory, P.J., Wood, M., Read, D., Buresh, R.J., 2002. Phosphatase activity and organic acids in the rhizosphere of potential agroforestry species and maize. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 34: 1487–1494.

Hellal, F., El-Sayed, S., Zewainy, R., Amer, A., 2019. Importance of phosphate pock application for sustaining agricultural production in Egypt. Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 43: 11.

Husnain, Rochayati, S., Sutriadia, T., Nassir, A., Sarwani, M., 2014. Improvement of soil fertility and crop production through direct application of phosphate rock on maize in Indonesia. Procedia Engineering, 83: 336–343.

Khan, M.S., Ahmad, E., Zaidi, A., Oves, M., 2013. Functional aspect of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria: Importance in crop production. In: Bacteria in Agrobiology: Crop Productivity. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-37241-4_10. Springer-Verlag Berlin – Heidelberg.

Lidbury, I.D.E.A., Scanlan, D.J., Murphy, A.R.J., Christie-Oleza, J.A., Aguilo-Ferretjans, M.M., Hitchcock, A., Daniell, T.J. 2022. A widely distributed phosphate-insensitive phosphatase presents a route for rapid organophosphorus remineralization in the biosphere. PNAS, 119(5), e2118122119. https://www.pnas.org/content/119/5/e2118122119

Margesin, R., 1996. Acid and alkaline phosphomonoesterase activity with the subtrate p-nitrophenyl phosphate. In: F. Schinner, R. Ohlinger, E. Kandeler, R. Margesin (eds.), Methods in Soil Biology (pp. 213–217). Spinger-Verlag, Berlin – Heidelberg.

Ministry of Agriculture, 2014. Food and Agriculture Profile 2009–2013. Directorate of Food and Agriculture. Jakarta.

Murphy, J., Riley, J.P., 1962. A modified single solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters. Analytica Chimica Acta, 27: 31–36.

Nour, V., Trandafir, I., Ionica, M.E., .2010. HPLC organic acid analysis in different citrus juices under reversed phase conditions. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 38(1): 44–48.

Pande, A., Pandey, P, Mehra, S., Singh, M., Kaushik, S., 2017. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and their efficiency on the growth of maize. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 15(2): 379–391.

Paul, E.A., Clark, F.E., 1989. Phosphorus transformation in soil. In: E.A. Paul, F.E. Clark, Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry. Academic Press, Inc. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York.

Rao, N.S. 1994. Soil Microorganisms and Growth. University of Indonesia Press, Jakarta. 353 pp.

Sarapatka, B. 2003. Phosphatase Activities (ACP, ALP) in Agrosystem Soils [doctoral thesis]. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala.

Sanchez, P.A., Shepherd, K.D., Soule, M.J., Place, F.M., Buresh, R.J., Izac, A.M., …, Woomer, P.L., 1997. Soil fertility replenishment in Africa: An investment in natural resource capital. In: R.J. Buresh et al. (Eds.), Replenishing Soil Fertility in Africa. SSSA Special Publication, No. 51. Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

Saitou, N., Nei, M., 1987. The neighbor-joining method: A new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 4: 406–425.

Simarmata, T., Hersanti, Turmuktini, T, Fitriatin, B.N, Setiawati, M.R., Purwanto, 2017. Application of bioameliorant and biofertilizers to increase the soil health and rice productivity. HAYATI Journal of Biosciences, 23(4): 181–184.

Singh, T., Purohit, S.S., 2011. Biofertilizer Technology. Agrobios, New Delhi.

Sufardi, Arabia, T., Khairullah, Karnilawati, Nurnikmat, T.Z., 2019. Distribution of Al, Fe, and Si oxides in three soil orders in dryland of Aceh Besar, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 393, 012081. IOP Publishing. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/393/1/012081.

Tamura, K., Nei, M., Kumar, S., 2004. Prospects for inferring very large phylogeneis by using the neighbor-joining method. PNAS, 101(30): 11030–11035.

Tamura, K., Dudley, J., Nei, M., Kumar, S., 2011. MEGA 5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 28: 2731–2739.

Tan, Z.Y., Xu, X.D., Wan, E.T., Gao, J.L., Romer, E.M., Chen, W.X., 1997. Phylogenetic and genetic relationship of Mesorhizobium tianshanense and related rhizobia. International Journal of Systemic Bacteriology, 47(3), 874–879.

Tolley, S., Mohammadi, M., 2020. Variation in root and shoot growth in response to reduced nitrogen. Plants, 9(2), 144. doi:10.3390/plants9020144.

Whitelaw, M.A., 2000. Growth promotion of plants inoculated with phosphate-solubilizing fungi. Advances in Agronomy, 69: 99–151

Winnepenninckx, B., Backelgau, T., De Wachter, R., 1993. Extractions of high molecular weight DNA from molluscs. Trends in Genetics, 9(12): 407.

Zhongqi, H., Griffin, T.S., Honeycutt, C.W., 2004. Evaluation of soil phosphorus transformations by sequential fractionation and phosphatase hydrolysis. Soil Science, 169: 515–527.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/pjss.2022.55.2.93-104
Date of publication: 2022-12-29 11:25:06
Date of submission: 2021-04-30 02:47:55


Statistics


Total abstract view - 731
Downloads (from 2020-06-17) - PDF - 461

Indicators



Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2022 Betty Natalie Fitriatin et al.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.