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Abstract
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is an important tool in supporting innovation and developing the economy. The European Union has created two systems: Galileo and EGNOS (European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service), which enable the localisation of points on the Earth’s surface and in the sky. The GNSS programme offers a range of opportunities for Central and Eastern European societies in which the existence of the E-GNNS (European Global Navigation Satellite System) is still not well known. The article is an attempt to raise awareness of the use of Galileo and EGNOS systems, as well as to present the legal framework concerning this programme and the changes introduced by Regulation (EU) 2021/696 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 April 2021. The main research goal is assessing changes in the most crucial areas of this regulation, such as security of the systems, access of third parties, compliance of the provisions with human rights standards, and issues related to budgetary implications which are particularly important for the continuity and stability of E-GNNS.
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LITERATURE
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LEGAL ACTS
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/799 of 18 March 2016 implementing Regulation (EU) No. 165/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down the requirements for the construction, testing, installation, operation and repair of tachographs and their components (OJ L 139/1, 26.5.2016).
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Council Decision (CFSP) 2021/698 of 30 April 2021 on the security of systems and services deployed, operated and used under the Union Space Programme which may affect the security of the Union, and repealing Decision 2014/496/CFSP (OJ L 170/178, 12.5.2021).
Council Directive 2008/114/EC of 8 December 2008 on the identification and designation of European critical infrastructures and the assessment of the need to improve their protection (OJ L 345/75, 23.12.2008).
Council Regulation (EC) No. 2012/2002 of 11 November 2002 establishing the European Union Solidarity Fund (OJ L 311/3, 14.11.2002).
Council Regulation (EU, Euratom) No. 1311/2013 of 2 December 2013 laying down the multiannual financial framework for the years 2014–2020 (OJ L 347/884, 20.12.2013).
Council Resolution of 5 April 2001 on Galileo (2001/C 157/01) (OJ 157/1, 30.5.2001).
Decision No. 1104/2011/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2011 on the rules for access to the public regulated service provided by the global navigation satellite system established under the Galileo programme (OJ L 287/1, 4.11.2011).
Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the space programme of the Union and the European Union Agency for the Space Programme and repealing Regulations (EU) No. 912/2010, (EU) No. 1285/2013, (EU) No. 377/2014 and Decision 541/2014/EU, COM/2018/447 final – 2018/0236 (COD).
Regulation (EU) No. 1285/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2013 on the implementation and exploitation of European satellite navigation systems and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No. 876/2002 and Regulation (EC) No. 683/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 347/1, 20.12.2013).
Regulation (EU) 2015/758 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2015 concerning type-approval requirements for the deployment of the eCall in-vehicle system based on the 112 service and amending Directive 2007/46/EC (OJ L 123/77, 19.5.2015).
Regulation (EU) 2018/1725 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2018 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by the Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Regulation (EC) No. 45/2001 and Decision No. 1247/2002/EC (OJ L 295/39, 21.11.2018).
Regulation (EU) 2021/696 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 April 2021 establishing the Union Space Programme and the European Union Agency for the Space Programme and repealing Regulations (EU) No. 912/2010, (EU) No. 1285/2013 and (EU) No. 377/2014 and Decision No. 541/2014/EU (OJ L 170/69, 12.5.2021).
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/sil.2023.32.1.231-249
Date of publication: 2023-03-28 11:24:10
Date of submission: 2020-05-22 10:39:17
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